Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and medical treatments. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various aspects

Zinc oxide is a compound renowned for its remarkable strength to safeguard delicate skin. This calming ingredient has long been used in a variety of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its exceptional protective characteristics. Creating a physical defense on the skin's exterior, zinc oxide effectively absorbs harmful